Motivation
From the introduction
of telephony in the late 19th century the basic concept of setting up a
dedicated switched tunnel capable of transmitting the human voice in a
more or less recognisable form between two end users has not changed.
Connections were established dynamically through switching offices and
transmission throughout the telephone network was analogue, with the
actual voice signal being transmitted as an electrical voltage from source
to destination.
With the advent of
digital electronics and computers, digital transmission became possible.
Since the 1970s telecommunications networks have evolved towards digitally
switched networks where each conversation is transmitted as a statically
reserved 64 kb/s stream. Today the Public Switched Telecommunications
Network (PSTN) stands at the brim of a new evolution, the transformation
towards packet based, Next Generation Networks (NGN).
While most people
agree that the future of communications networks is based on NGN concepts,
less is know about the financial impact it will have. In today’s
competitive environment, feasibility is one of the main concerns of
management. The success of projects is measured on financial yardsticks
and decisions taken based on monetary forecasts and impact. The turning
point that NGN marks represents a unique chance to build up a new network
with increased efficiency.
The complexity of the
decision-making process in implementing NGN emphasises the need for
adapting advanced operations research techniques and methods for
structuring the network. Although optimisation-based methods have
traditionally been used during technical design, such methods have not
been used extensively by managements from a financial viewpoint.